443 lines
16 KiB
Python
443 lines
16 KiB
Python
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import base64
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import collections.abc
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import hashlib
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import hmac
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from calendar import timegm
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from datetime import datetime
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from functools import partial
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from urllib.parse import urlencode
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from geopy.exc import (
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ConfigurationError,
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GeocoderQueryError,
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GeocoderQuotaExceeded,
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GeocoderServiceError,
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GeocoderUnavailable,
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)
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from geopy.geocoders.base import DEFAULT_SENTINEL, Geocoder
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from geopy.location import Location
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from geopy.timezone import ensure_pytz_is_installed, from_timezone_name
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from geopy.util import logger
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__all__ = ("GoogleV3", )
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class GoogleV3(Geocoder):
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"""Geocoder using the Google Maps v3 API.
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Documentation at:
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https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/
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Pricing details:
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https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/usage-and-billing
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"""
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api_path = '/maps/api/geocode/json'
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timezone_path = '/maps/api/timezone/json'
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def __init__(
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self,
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api_key=None,
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*,
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domain='maps.googleapis.com',
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scheme=None,
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client_id=None,
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secret_key=None,
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timeout=DEFAULT_SENTINEL,
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proxies=DEFAULT_SENTINEL,
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user_agent=None,
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ssl_context=DEFAULT_SENTINEL,
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adapter_factory=None,
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channel=''
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):
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"""
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:param str api_key: The API key required by Google to perform
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geocoding requests, mandatory (unless premier is used,
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then both ``client_id`` and ``secret_key`` must be specified
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instead).
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API keys are managed through
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the Google APIs console (https://code.google.com/apis/console).
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Make sure to have both ``Geocoding API`` and ``Time Zone API``
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services enabled for this API key.
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.. versionchanged:: 2.1
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Previously a warning has been emitted when neither ``api_key``
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nor premier were specified. Now a :class:`geopy.exc.ConfigurationError`
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is raised.
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:param str domain: Should be the localized Google Maps domain to
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connect to. The default is 'maps.googleapis.com', but if you're
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geocoding address in the UK (for example), you may want to set it
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to 'maps.google.co.uk' to properly bias results.
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:param str scheme:
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See :attr:`geopy.geocoders.options.default_scheme`.
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:param str client_id: If using premier, the account client id.
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:param str secret_key: If using premier, the account secret key.
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:param int timeout:
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See :attr:`geopy.geocoders.options.default_timeout`.
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:param dict proxies:
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See :attr:`geopy.geocoders.options.default_proxies`.
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:param str user_agent:
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See :attr:`geopy.geocoders.options.default_user_agent`.
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:type ssl_context: :class:`ssl.SSLContext`
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:param ssl_context:
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See :attr:`geopy.geocoders.options.default_ssl_context`.
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:param callable adapter_factory:
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See :attr:`geopy.geocoders.options.default_adapter_factory`.
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.. versionadded:: 2.0
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:param str channel: If using premier, the channel identifier.
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"""
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super().__init__(
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scheme=scheme,
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timeout=timeout,
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proxies=proxies,
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user_agent=user_agent,
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ssl_context=ssl_context,
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adapter_factory=adapter_factory,
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)
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if client_id and not secret_key:
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raise ConfigurationError('Must provide secret_key with client_id.')
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if secret_key and not client_id:
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raise ConfigurationError('Must provide client_id with secret_key.')
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self.premier = bool(client_id and secret_key)
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self.client_id = client_id
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self.secret_key = secret_key
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if not self.premier and not api_key:
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raise ConfigurationError(
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'Since July 2018 Google requires each request to have an API key. '
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'Pass a valid `api_key` to GoogleV3 geocoder to fix this error. '
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'See https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/usage-and-billing' # noqa
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)
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self.api_key = api_key
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self.domain = domain.strip('/')
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self.channel = channel
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self.api = '%s://%s%s' % (self.scheme, self.domain, self.api_path)
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self.tz_api = '%s://%s%s' % (self.scheme, self.domain, self.timezone_path)
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def _get_signed_url(self, params):
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"""
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Returns a Premier account signed url. Docs on signature:
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https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/business/webservices/auth#digital_signatures
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"""
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params['client'] = self.client_id
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if self.channel:
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params['channel'] = self.channel
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path = "?".join((self.api_path, urlencode(params)))
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signature = hmac.new(
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base64.urlsafe_b64decode(self.secret_key),
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path.encode('utf-8'),
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hashlib.sha1
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)
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signature = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(
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signature.digest()
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).decode('utf-8')
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return '%s://%s%s&signature=%s' % (
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self.scheme, self.domain, path, signature
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)
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def _format_components_param(self, components):
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component_items = []
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if isinstance(components, collections.abc.Mapping):
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component_items = components.items()
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elif (
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isinstance(components, collections.abc.Sequence)
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and not isinstance(components, (str, bytes))
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):
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component_items = components
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else:
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raise ValueError(
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'`components` parameter must be of type `dict` or `list`')
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return "|".join(
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":".join(item) for item in component_items
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)
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def geocode(
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self,
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query=None,
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*,
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exactly_one=True,
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timeout=DEFAULT_SENTINEL,
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bounds=None,
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region=None,
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components=None,
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place_id=None,
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language=None,
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sensor=False
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):
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"""
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Return a location point by address.
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:param str query: The address or query you wish to geocode. Optional,
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if ``components`` param is set::
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>>> g.geocode(components={"city": "Paris", "country": "FR"})
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Location(France, (46.227638, 2.213749, 0.0))
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:param bool exactly_one: Return one result or a list of results, if
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available.
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:param int timeout: Time, in seconds, to wait for the geocoding service
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to respond before raising a :class:`geopy.exc.GeocoderTimedOut`
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exception. Set this only if you wish to override, on this call
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only, the value set during the geocoder's initialization.
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:type bounds: list or tuple of 2 items of :class:`geopy.point.Point` or
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``(latitude, longitude)`` or ``"%(latitude)s, %(longitude)s"``.
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:param bounds: The bounding box of the viewport within which
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to bias geocode results more prominently.
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Example: ``[Point(22, 180), Point(-22, -180)]``.
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:param str region: The region code, specified as a ccTLD
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("top-level domain") two-character value.
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:type components: dict or list
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:param components: Restricts to an area. Can use any combination of:
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`route`, `locality`, `administrative_area`, `postal_code`,
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`country`.
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Pass a list of tuples if you want to specify multiple components of
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the same type, e.g.:
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>>> [('administrative_area', 'VA'), ('administrative_area', 'Arlington')]
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:param str place_id: Retrieve a Location using a Place ID.
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Cannot be not used with ``query`` or ``bounds`` parameters.
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>>> g.geocode(place_id='ChIJOcfP0Iq2j4ARDrXUa7ZWs34')
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:param str language: The language in which to return results.
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:param bool sensor: Whether the geocoding request comes from a
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device with a location sensor.
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:rtype: ``None``, :class:`geopy.location.Location` or a list of them, if
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``exactly_one=False``.
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"""
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params = {
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'sensor': str(sensor).lower()
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}
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if place_id and (bounds or query):
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raise ValueError(
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'Only one of the `query` or `place id` or `bounds` '
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' parameters must be entered.')
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if place_id is not None:
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params['place_id'] = place_id
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if query is not None:
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params['address'] = query
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if query is None and place_id is None and not components:
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raise ValueError('Either `query` or `components` or `place_id` '
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'must be set.')
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if self.api_key:
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params['key'] = self.api_key
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if bounds:
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params['bounds'] = self._format_bounding_box(
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bounds, "%(lat1)s,%(lon1)s|%(lat2)s,%(lon2)s")
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if region:
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params['region'] = region
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if components:
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params['components'] = self._format_components_param(components)
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if language:
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params['language'] = language
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if self.premier:
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url = self._get_signed_url(params)
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else:
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url = "?".join((self.api, urlencode(params)))
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logger.debug("%s.geocode: %s", self.__class__.__name__, url)
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callback = partial(self._parse_json, exactly_one=exactly_one)
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return self._call_geocoder(url, callback, timeout=timeout)
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def reverse(
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self,
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query,
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*,
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exactly_one=True,
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timeout=DEFAULT_SENTINEL,
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language=None,
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sensor=False
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):
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"""
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Return an address by location point.
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:param query: The coordinates for which you wish to obtain the
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closest human-readable addresses.
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:type query: :class:`geopy.point.Point`, list or tuple of ``(latitude,
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longitude)``, or string as ``"%(latitude)s, %(longitude)s"``.
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:param bool exactly_one: Return one result or a list of results, if
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available.
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:param int timeout: Time, in seconds, to wait for the geocoding service
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to respond before raising a :class:`geopy.exc.GeocoderTimedOut`
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exception. Set this only if you wish to override, on this call
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only, the value set during the geocoder's initialization.
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:param str language: The language in which to return results.
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:param bool sensor: Whether the geocoding request comes from a
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device with a location sensor.
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:rtype: ``None``, :class:`geopy.location.Location` or a list of them, if
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``exactly_one=False``.
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"""
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params = {
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'latlng': self._coerce_point_to_string(query),
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'sensor': str(sensor).lower()
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}
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if language:
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params['language'] = language
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if self.api_key:
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params['key'] = self.api_key
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if not self.premier:
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url = "?".join((self.api, urlencode(params)))
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else:
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url = self._get_signed_url(params)
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logger.debug("%s.reverse: %s", self.__class__.__name__, url)
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callback = partial(self._parse_json, exactly_one=exactly_one)
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return self._call_geocoder(url, callback, timeout=timeout)
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def reverse_timezone(self, query, *, at_time=None, timeout=DEFAULT_SENTINEL):
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"""
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Find the timezone a point in `query` was in for a specified `at_time`.
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`None` will be returned for points without an assigned
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Olson timezone id (e.g. for Antarctica).
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:param query: The coordinates for which you want a timezone.
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:type query: :class:`geopy.point.Point`, list or tuple of (latitude,
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longitude), or string as "%(latitude)s, %(longitude)s"
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:param at_time: The time at which you want the timezone of this
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location. This is optional, and defaults to the time that the
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function is called in UTC. Timezone-aware datetimes are correctly
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handled and naive datetimes are silently treated as UTC.
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:type at_time: :class:`datetime.datetime` or None
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:param int timeout: Time, in seconds, to wait for the geocoding service
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to respond before raising a :class:`geopy.exc.GeocoderTimedOut`
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exception. Set this only if you wish to override, on this call
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only, the value set during the geocoder's initialization.
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:rtype: ``None`` or :class:`geopy.timezone.Timezone`.
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"""
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ensure_pytz_is_installed()
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location = self._coerce_point_to_string(query)
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timestamp = self._normalize_timezone_at_time(at_time)
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params = {
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"location": location,
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"timestamp": timestamp,
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}
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if self.api_key:
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params['key'] = self.api_key
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url = "?".join((self.tz_api, urlencode(params)))
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logger.debug("%s.reverse_timezone: %s", self.__class__.__name__, url)
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return self._call_geocoder(url, self._parse_json_timezone, timeout=timeout)
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def _parse_json_timezone(self, response):
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self._check_status(response)
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timezone_id = response.get("timeZoneId")
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if timezone_id is None:
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# Google returns `status: ZERO_RESULTS` for uncovered
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# points (e.g. for Antarctica), so there's nothing
|
||
|
|
# meaningful to be returned as the `raw` response,
|
||
|
|
# hence we return `None`.
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
return from_timezone_name(timezone_id, raw=response)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _normalize_timezone_at_time(self, at_time):
|
||
|
|
if at_time is None:
|
||
|
|
timestamp = timegm(datetime.utcnow().utctimetuple())
|
||
|
|
elif isinstance(at_time, datetime):
|
||
|
|
# Naive datetimes are silently treated as UTC.
|
||
|
|
# Timezone-aware datetimes are handled correctly.
|
||
|
|
timestamp = timegm(at_time.utctimetuple())
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise GeocoderQueryError(
|
||
|
|
"`at_time` must be an instance of `datetime.datetime`"
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
return timestamp
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _parse_json(self, page, exactly_one=True):
|
||
|
|
places = page.get('results', [])
|
||
|
|
self._check_status(page)
|
||
|
|
if not places:
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def parse_place(place):
|
||
|
|
'''Get the location, lat, lng from a single json place.'''
|
||
|
|
location = place.get('formatted_address')
|
||
|
|
latitude = place['geometry']['location']['lat']
|
||
|
|
longitude = place['geometry']['location']['lng']
|
||
|
|
return Location(location, (latitude, longitude), place)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if exactly_one:
|
||
|
|
return parse_place(places[0])
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
return [parse_place(place) for place in places]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _check_status(self, response):
|
||
|
|
# https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding#StatusCodes
|
||
|
|
status = response.get('status')
|
||
|
|
if status == 'OK':
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
if status == 'ZERO_RESULTS':
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
error_message = response.get('error_message')
|
||
|
|
# https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding#ErrorMessages
|
||
|
|
# When the geocoder returns a status code other than OK, there *may*
|
||
|
|
# be an additional error_message field within the Geocoding response
|
||
|
|
# object.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if status in ('OVER_QUERY_LIMIT', 'OVER_DAILY_LIMIT'):
|
||
|
|
raise GeocoderQuotaExceeded(
|
||
|
|
error_message or
|
||
|
|
'The given key has gone over the requests limit in the 24'
|
||
|
|
' hour period or has submitted too many requests in too'
|
||
|
|
' short a period of time'
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
elif status == 'REQUEST_DENIED':
|
||
|
|
raise GeocoderQueryError(error_message or 'Your request was denied')
|
||
|
|
elif status == 'INVALID_REQUEST':
|
||
|
|
raise GeocoderQueryError(
|
||
|
|
error_message or 'Probably missing address or latlng'
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
elif status == 'UNKNOWN_ERROR':
|
||
|
|
raise GeocoderUnavailable(error_message or 'Server error')
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# Unknown (undocumented) status.
|
||
|
|
raise GeocoderServiceError(error_message or 'Unknown error')
|