Shofel2_T124_python/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/qiling/utils.py

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2024-05-25 16:45:07 +00:00
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#
# Cross Platform and Multi Architecture Advanced Binary Emulation Framework
#
"""
This module is intended for general purpose functions that can be used
thoughout the qiling framework
"""
import importlib
import inspect
import os
from functools import partial
from configparser import ConfigParser
from pathlib import Path
from types import ModuleType
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Mapping, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar, Union
from unicorn import UC_ERR_READ_UNMAPPED, UC_ERR_FETCH_UNMAPPED
from qiling.exception import *
from qiling.const import QL_ARCH, QL_ENDIAN, QL_OS, QL_DEBUGGER
from qiling.const import debugger_map, arch_map, os_map, arch_os_map
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from qiling import Qiling
from qiling.arch.arch import QlArch
from qiling.debugger.debugger import QlDebugger
from qiling.loader.loader import QlLoader
from qiling.os.os import QlOs
T = TypeVar('T')
QlClassInit = Callable[['Qiling'], T]
def __name_to_enum(name: str, mapping: Mapping[str, T], aliases: Mapping[str, str] = {}) -> Optional[T]:
key = name.casefold()
return mapping.get(aliases.get(key) or key)
def os_convert(os: str) -> Optional[QL_OS]:
alias_map = {
'darwin': 'macos'
}
return __name_to_enum(os, os_map, alias_map)
def arch_convert(arch: str) -> Optional[QL_ARCH]:
alias_map = {
'x86_64': 'x8664',
'riscv32': 'riscv'
}
return __name_to_enum(arch, arch_map, alias_map)
def debugger_convert(debugger: str) -> Optional[QL_DEBUGGER]:
return __name_to_enum(debugger, debugger_map)
def arch_os_convert(arch: QL_ARCH) -> Optional[QL_OS]:
return arch_os_map.get(arch)
def ql_get_module(module_name: str) -> ModuleType:
try:
module = importlib.import_module(module_name, 'qiling')
except (ModuleNotFoundError, KeyError):
raise QlErrorModuleNotFound(f'Unable to import module {module_name}')
return module
def ql_get_module_function(module_name: str, member_name: str):
module = ql_get_module(module_name)
try:
member = getattr(module, member_name)
except AttributeError:
raise QlErrorModuleFunctionNotFound(f'Unable to import {member_name} from {module_name}')
return member
def __emu_env_from_pathname(path: str) -> Tuple[Optional[QL_ARCH], Optional[QL_OS], Optional[QL_ENDIAN]]:
if os.path.isdir(path) and path.endswith('.kext'):
return QL_ARCH.X8664, QL_OS.MACOS, QL_ENDIAN.EL
if os.path.isfile(path):
_, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
if ext in ('.DOS_COM', '.DOS_MBR', '.DOS_EXE'):
return QL_ARCH.A8086, QL_OS.DOS, QL_ENDIAN.EL
return None, None, None
def __emu_env_from_elf(path: str) -> Tuple[Optional[QL_ARCH], Optional[QL_OS], Optional[QL_ENDIAN]]:
# instead of using full-blown elffile parsing, we perform a simple parsing to avoid
# external dependencies for target systems that do not need them.
#
# see: https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/elf/gabi4+/ch4.eheader.html
# ei_class
ELFCLASS32 = 1 # 32-bit
ELFCLASS64 = 2 # 64-bit
# ei_data
ELFDATA2LSB = 1 # little-endian
ELFDATA2MSB = 2 # big-endian
# ei_osabi
ELFOSABI_SYSV = 0
ELFOSABI_LINUX = 3
ELFOSABI_FREEBSD = 9
ELFOSABI_ARM_AEABI = 64
ELFOSABI_ARM = 97
ELFOSABI_STANDALONE = 255
# e_machine
EM_386 = 3
EM_MIPS = 8
EM_ARM = 40
EM_X86_64 = 62
EM_AARCH64 = 183
EM_RISCV = 243
EM_PPC = 20
endianess = {
ELFDATA2LSB: (QL_ENDIAN.EL, 'little'),
ELFDATA2MSB: (QL_ENDIAN.EB, 'big')
}
machines32 = {
EM_386 : QL_ARCH.X86,
EM_MIPS : QL_ARCH.MIPS,
EM_ARM : QL_ARCH.ARM,
EM_RISCV : QL_ARCH.RISCV,
EM_PPC : QL_ARCH.PPC
}
machines64 = {
EM_X86_64 : QL_ARCH.X8664,
EM_AARCH64 : QL_ARCH.ARM64,
EM_RISCV : QL_ARCH.RISCV64
}
classes = {
ELFCLASS32: machines32,
ELFCLASS64: machines64
}
abis = {
ELFOSABI_SYSV : QL_OS.LINUX,
ELFOSABI_LINUX : QL_OS.LINUX,
ELFOSABI_FREEBSD : QL_OS.FREEBSD,
ELFOSABI_ARM_AEABI : QL_OS.LINUX,
ELFOSABI_ARM : QL_OS.LINUX,
ELFOSABI_STANDALONE : QL_OS.BLOB
}
archtype = None
ostype = None
archendian = None
with open(path, 'rb') as binfile:
e_ident = binfile.read(16)
e_type = binfile.read(2)
e_machine = binfile.read(2)
# qnx may be detected by the interpreter name: 'ldqnx.so'.
# instead of properly parsing the file to locate the pt_interp
# segment, we detect qnx fuzzily by looking for that string in
# the first portion of the file.
blob = binfile.read(0x200 - 20)
if e_ident[:4] == b'\x7fELF':
ei_class = e_ident[4] # arch bits
ei_data = e_ident[5] # arch endianess
ei_osabi = e_ident[7]
if ei_class in classes:
machines = classes[ei_class]
if ei_data in endianess:
archendian, endian = endianess[ei_data]
machine = int.from_bytes(e_machine, endian)
if machine in machines:
archtype = machines[machine]
if ei_osabi in abis:
ostype = abis[ei_osabi]
if blob and b'ldqnx.so' in blob:
ostype = QL_OS.QNX
return archtype, ostype, archendian
def __emu_env_from_macho(path: str) -> Tuple[Optional[QL_ARCH], Optional[QL_OS], Optional[QL_ENDIAN]]:
macho_macos_sig64 = b'\xcf\xfa\xed\xfe'
macho_macos_sig32 = b'\xce\xfa\xed\xfe'
macho_macos_fat = b'\xca\xfe\xba\xbe' # should be header for FAT
arch = None
ostype = None
endian = None
with open(path, 'rb') as f:
ident = f.read(32)
if ident[:4] in (macho_macos_sig32, macho_macos_sig64, macho_macos_fat):
ostype = QL_OS.MACOS
# if ident[7] == 0: # 32 bit
# arch = QL_ARCH.X86
if ident[4] == 0x07 and ident[7] == 0x01: # X86 64 bit
endian = QL_ENDIAN.EL
arch = QL_ARCH.X8664
elif ident[4] == 0x0c and ident[7] == 0x01: # ARM64
endian = QL_ENDIAN.EL
arch = QL_ARCH.ARM64
return arch, ostype, endian
def __emu_env_from_pe(path: str) -> Tuple[Optional[QL_ARCH], Optional[QL_OS], Optional[QL_ENDIAN]]:
import pefile
try:
pe = pefile.PE(path, fast_load=True)
except:
return None, None, None
arch = None
ostype = None
archendian = None
machine_map = {
pefile.MACHINE_TYPE['IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386'] : QL_ARCH.X86,
pefile.MACHINE_TYPE['IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64'] : QL_ARCH.X8664,
pefile.MACHINE_TYPE['IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM'] : QL_ARCH.ARM,
pefile.MACHINE_TYPE['IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_THUMB'] : QL_ARCH.ARM,
pefile.MACHINE_TYPE['IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64'] : QL_ARCH.ARM64
}
# get arch
arch = machine_map.get(pe.FILE_HEADER.Machine)
if arch:
subsystem_uefi = (
pefile.SUBSYSTEM_TYPE['IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION'],
pefile.SUBSYSTEM_TYPE['IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER'],
pefile.SUBSYSTEM_TYPE['IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER'],
pefile.SUBSYSTEM_TYPE['IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_ROM']
)
if pe.OPTIONAL_HEADER.Subsystem in subsystem_uefi:
ostype = QL_OS.UEFI
else:
ostype = QL_OS.WINDOWS
archendian = QL_ENDIAN.EL
return arch, ostype, archendian
def ql_guess_emu_env(path: str) -> Tuple[Optional[QL_ARCH], Optional[QL_OS], Optional[QL_ENDIAN]]:
guessing_methods = (
__emu_env_from_pathname,
__emu_env_from_elf,
__emu_env_from_macho,
__emu_env_from_pe
)
for gm in guessing_methods:
arch, ostype, endian = gm(path)
if None not in (arch, ostype, endian):
break
else:
arch, ostype, endian = (None, ) * 3
return arch, ostype, endian
def select_loader(ostype: QL_OS, libcache: bool) -> QlClassInit['QlLoader']:
if ostype is QL_OS.WINDOWS:
kwargs = {'libcache': libcache}
else:
kwargs = {}
module = {
QL_OS.LINUX : r'elf',
QL_OS.FREEBSD : r'elf',
QL_OS.QNX : r'elf',
QL_OS.MACOS : r'macho',
QL_OS.WINDOWS : r'pe',
QL_OS.UEFI : r'pe_uefi',
QL_OS.DOS : r'dos',
QL_OS.EVM : r'evm',
QL_OS.MCU : r'mcu',
QL_OS.BLOB : r'blob'
}[ostype]
qlloader_path = f'.loader.{module}'
qlloader_class = f'QlLoader{module.upper()}'
obj = ql_get_module_function(qlloader_path, qlloader_class)
return partial(obj, **kwargs)
def select_component(component_type: str, component_name: str, **kwargs) -> QlClassInit[Any]:
component_path = f'.{component_type}.{component_name}'
component_class = f'Ql{component_name.capitalize()}Manager'
obj = ql_get_module_function(component_path, component_class)
return partial(obj, **kwargs)
def select_debugger(options: Union[str, bool]) -> Optional[QlClassInit['QlDebugger']]:
if options is True:
options = 'gdb'
if type(options) is str:
objname, *args = options.split(':')
dbgtype = debugger_convert(objname)
if dbgtype == QL_DEBUGGER.GDB:
kwargs = dict(zip(('ip', 'port'), args))
elif dbgtype == QL_DEBUGGER.QDB:
kwargs = {}
def __int_nothrow(v: str, /) -> Optional[int]:
try:
return int(v, 0)
except ValueError:
return None
# qdb init args are independent and may include any combination of: rr enable, init hook and script
for a in args:
if a == 'rr':
kwargs['rr'] = True
elif __int_nothrow(a) is not None:
kwargs['init_hook'] = a
else:
kwargs['script'] = a
else:
raise QlErrorOutput('Debugger not supported')
obj = ql_get_module_function(f'.debugger.{objname}.{objname}', f'Ql{str.capitalize(objname)}')
return partial(obj, **kwargs)
return None
def select_arch(archtype: QL_ARCH, endian: QL_ENDIAN, thumb: bool) -> QlClassInit['QlArch']:
# set endianess and thumb mode for arm-based archs
if archtype is QL_ARCH.ARM:
kwargs = {'endian': endian, 'thumb': thumb}
# set endianess for mips arch
elif archtype is QL_ARCH.MIPS:
kwargs = {'endian': endian}
else:
kwargs = {}
module = {
QL_ARCH.A8086 : r'x86',
QL_ARCH.X86 : r'x86',
QL_ARCH.X8664 : r'x86',
QL_ARCH.ARM : r'arm',
QL_ARCH.ARM64 : r'arm64',
QL_ARCH.MIPS : r'mips',
QL_ARCH.EVM : r'evm.evm',
QL_ARCH.CORTEX_M : r'cortex_m',
QL_ARCH.RISCV : r'riscv',
QL_ARCH.RISCV64 : r'riscv64',
QL_ARCH.PPC : r'ppc'
}[archtype]
qlarch_path = f'.arch.{module}'
qlarch_class = f'QlArch{archtype.name.upper()}'
obj = ql_get_module_function(qlarch_path, qlarch_class)
return partial(obj, **kwargs)
def select_os(ostype: QL_OS) -> QlClassInit['QlOs']:
qlos_name = ostype.name
qlos_path = f'.os.{qlos_name.lower()}.{qlos_name.lower()}'
qlos_class = f'QlOs{qlos_name.capitalize()}'
obj = ql_get_module_function(qlos_path, qlos_class)
return partial(obj)
def profile_setup(ostype: QL_OS, user_config: Optional[Union[str, dict]]):
# mcu uses a yaml-based config
if ostype is QL_OS.MCU:
import yaml
if user_config:
with open(user_config) as f:
config = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)
else:
config = {}
else:
# patch 'getint' to convert integers of all bases
int_converter = partial(int, base=0)
config = ConfigParser(converters={'int': int_converter})
qiling_home = Path(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())).parent
os_profile = qiling_home / 'profiles' / f'{ostype.name.lower()}.ql'
# read default profile first
config.read(os_profile)
# user-specified profile adds or overrides existing setting
if isinstance(user_config, dict):
config.read_dict(user_config)
elif user_config:
config.read(user_config)
return config
# verify if emulator returns properly
def verify_ret(ql: 'Qiling', err):
# init_sp location is not consistent; this is here to work around that
if not hasattr(ql.os, 'init_sp'):
ql.os.init_sp = ql.loader.init_sp
ql.log.debug("Got exception %u: init SP = %x, current SP = %x, PC = %x" %(err.errno, ql.os.init_sp, ql.arch.regs.arch_sp, ql.arch.regs.arch_pc))
if hasattr(ql.os, 'RUN'):
ql.os.RUN = False
# timeout is acceptable in this case
if err.errno in (UC_ERR_READ_UNMAPPED, UC_ERR_FETCH_UNMAPPED):
if ql.os.type == QL_OS.MACOS:
if ql.loader.kext_name:
# FIXME: Should I push saved RIP before every method callings of IOKit object?
if ql.os.init_sp == ql.arch.regs.arch_sp - 8:
pass
else:
raise
if ql.arch.type == QL_ARCH.X8664: # Win64
if ql.os.init_sp == ql.arch.regs.arch_sp or ql.os.init_sp + 8 == ql.arch.regs.arch_sp or ql.os.init_sp + 0x10 == ql.arch.regs.arch_sp: # FIXME
# 0x11626 c3 ret
# print("OK, stack balanced!")
pass
else:
raise
else: # Win32
if ql.os.init_sp + 12 == ql.arch.regs.arch_sp: # 12 = 8 + 4
# 0x114dd c2 08 00 ret 8
pass
else:
raise
else:
raise
__all__ = [
'os_convert',
'arch_convert',
'debugger_convert',
'arch_os_convert',
'ql_get_module',
'ql_get_module_function',
'ql_guess_emu_env',
'select_os',
'select_arch',
'select_loader',
'select_debugger',
'select_component',
'profile_setup',
'verify_ret'
]